This depiction of Mars is taken from a medieval Persian manuscript and shows him riding a ram, symbolic of his ruling the sign Aries. He holds two swords showing his ability to destroy and cut through problems, and a trident, which is a symbol of his ability to transform with the use of the will.
The manuscript is likely associated with "The Great Introduction to Astrology" by Abū Maʿšar. He is considered one of the greatest Persian astrologers, active in Baghdad, and who greatly influenced later Western astrologers and intellectuals.